LESSON 13

VISUAL SYMBOLS
are representations of direct reality, which comes in the form of signs and symbols.

Drawings

a drawing may not be real thing but better to have a concrete visual aid than nothing. To avoid confusion, it is good that our drawing correctly represents the real thing.

Cartoons 

another useful visual symbol that can bring novelty to our teaching is the cartoon. A first-rate cartoon tells its story metaphorically.

Strip Drawing

a sequence of drawings in a newspaper, magazine, etc., relating a humorous story or an adventure.

Diagrams

“It is any line drawing that shows arrangement and relations as of parts to the whole, relative values, origins and development, chronological fluctuations, distributions, etc.” (Dale 1969)

Types of Diagrams

Affinity Diagram – used to cluster complex apparently unrelated data into natural and meaningful groups.

Tree Diagram – used in increasing details or various tasks that must be accomplished to complete a project.

Fishbone Diagram – cause-and-effect diagram.

Charts

It is a diagrammatic representation of relationships among individuals within an organizations.

Types of Charts

Time Chart - tabular time chart that presents data in ordinal sequence.

Tree or Stream Chart – depicts development, growth and change by beginning with a simple course with spread outs into many branches.

Flow Chart – visual way of showing a process from beginning to end.

Organizational Chart – shows how one part of the organization relates to other parts of the organization.

Comparison and Contrast Chart – shows similarities and differences.

Pareto Chart – type of bar chart, prioritized in descending order of magnitude or importance from left to right.

Gantt Chart – is an activity time chart.

Graphs - Pictures that help us understand data.

Types of Graphs

Circle Graph – recommended for showing parts of whole.

Bar Graph – use in comparing the magnitude of similar items at different ties or seeing relative sizes of the parts of a whole.

Pictorial Graph – make use of picture symbols.

Graphic Organizers – you met several graphic organizers in your subject, principles of teaching.

Maps

Is a representation of the surface of the earth or some part of it.

Types of Maps

Physical Map – altitude, temperature, rainfall, precipitation, vegetation and soil.

Relief Map – three dimensional represents and show contours of the physical data of the earth or part of the earth.

Political Map – gives detailed information about country, provinces, lakes, rivers etc.

Poster - A poster is any piece of printed paper designed to be attached to a wall or vertical surface. Typically posters include both textual and graphic elements